Data access is an important topic in Europe and around the world, with the potential to trigger benefits for many undertakings, for instance by improving product quality and spurring innovation. At the same time, there are a number of issues around sharing data, ranging from potential competition distortions, to potential privacy concerns. This means that data sharing is sometimes underdeveloped. There are very few sectors that are as representative of these tensions than the health sector. In this presentation, we will discuss the market failures relating to health data sharing, as well as potential regulation designs to foster innovation, competition and fairness.