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David Bardey, Philippe De Donder, and Marie-Louise Leroux
January 2026
We study a situation where physicians differing in their degree of altruism exert a diagnostic effort before deciding whether to test patients to determine the most appropriate treatment. The diagnostic effort generates an imperfect private signal of the patient’s type, while the test is perfect....
Simon Fan, Yu Pang, and Pierre Pestieau
January 2026, 32 pages
This paper analyzes the effect of longevity on parenting choices from a life course perspective. We develop an overlapping generations model to address a core tradeoff that young parents face when investing in their children’s human capital. They can choose a low-time-cost demanding strategy that...
Tristan Earle Grupp, Prakash Mishra, Mathias Reynaert, and Arthur Van Benthem
January 2026, forthcoming
The European Union designates 26% of its landmass as protected areas, limiting economic development for biodiversity. We use the staggered introduction of protected areas between 1985 and 2019 to study the selection of protected land and the causal eect of protection on vegetation cover and...
Jérôme Bolte, Edouard Pauwels, and Quoc Tung Le
vol. 215, January 2026, p. 539–574
We first show a simple but striking result in bilevel optimization: unconstrained smooth bilevel programming is as hard as general extended-real-valued lower semicontinuous minimization. We then proceed to a worst-case analysis of box-constrained bilevel polynomial optimization. We show in...
Nhat-Thang Le, and Laurent Miclo
vol. 191, n. 104780, January 2026
Consider the global optimisation of a function defined on a finite set endowed with an irreducible and reversible Markov generator. By integration, we extend to the set of probability distributions on and we penalize it with a time-dependent generalized entropy functional. Endowing with a Maas’...
Aurore Archimbaud
vol. 211, n. 105520, January 2026
Invariant coordinate selection is an unsupervised multivariate data transformation useful in many contexts such as outlier detection or clustering. It is based on the simultaneous diagonalization of two affine equivariant and positive definite scatter matrices. Its classical implementation relies...
Marie-Françoise Calmette
n. 449, January 2026
Camille Mondon, Thi-Huong Trinh, Anne M. Ruiz, and Christine Thomas-Agnan
vol. 211, n. 105522, January 2026
Invariant coordinate selection (ICS) is a dimension reduction method, used as a preliminary step for clustering and outlier detection. It has been primarily applied to multivariate data. This work introduces a coordinate-free definition of ICS in an abstract Euclidean space and extends the method...
Colombe Becquart, Aurore Archimbaud, Anne M. Ruiz, Luka Prilc, and Klaus Nordhausen
vol. 211, n. 105521, January 2026
Invariant Coordinate Selection (ICS) is a multivariate technique that relies on the simultaneous diagonalization of two scatter matrices. It serves various purposes, including its use as a dimension reduction tool prior to clustering or outlier detection. ICS’s theoretical foundation establishes...
Doh-Shin Jeon, Jay Pil Choi, and Michael Whinston
vol. 116, n. 1, January 2026, p. 332–374
We develop a leverage theory of tying in markets with network effects. When a monopolist in one market cannot perfectly extract surplus from consumers, tying can be a mechanism through which unexploited consumer surplus is used as a demand-side leverage to create a “quasi-installed base” advantage...
