Séminaire

Climate Policy Uncertainty and Firms’ and Investors’ Behavior

Stefano Carattini

17 juin 2022

Banque de France, Paris

Séminaire Banque de France

Résumé

Whether and how firms are affected by uncertainty revolving around the implementation of climate policy is crucial to understand their behavior as well as investors’, which are interesting per se and also have implications for the potential for systemic risk related with the coordinated implementation of ambitious climate policy. Hence, we develop a new index of climate policy uncertainty, covering the United States with monthly-level variation between 1990 and 2019. We analyze the relationship between climate policy uncertainty and firm-level outcomes such as stock returns, share price volatility, investments in research and development and patenting, and employment for all publicly-listed firms in the country. We find that climate policy uncertainty tends to considerably affect all these outcomes, and often more so than existing indices of economic policy uncertainty. The direction of the effect may, however, be driven by the underlying source of uncertainty, which we measure explicitly. In particular, we leverage the fact that climate policy requires the transition from a “dirty” to a low-carbon equilibrium, with progress and setbacks along the road, which create a promising context to analyze short-term versus long-run planning and belief revision. Consistently with expectations, we find that climate policy uncertainty can lead to positive effects on the abovementioned outcomes in periods of setbacks, i.e. when uncertainty is driven by failure in the climate policy process rather than success.

Mots-clés

Uncertainty; climate policy; firm decision-making; investment; beliefs;

Codes JEL

  • D22: Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
  • D83: Search • Learning • Information and Knowledge • Communication • Belief
  • G10: General
  • O32: Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
  • Q58: Government Policy

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