Recherche avancée

Léo Portales, Elsa Cazelles et Edouard Pauwels

2025, à paraître

Lloyd’s algorithm is an iterative method that solves the quantization problem, that is, the approximation of a target probability measure by a discrete one, and is particularly used in digital applications. This algorithm can be interpreted as a gradient method on a certain quantization functional...

René Aïd, Luciano Campi et Jérôme Renault

vol. 19, décembre 2025, p. 661–664

Laurent Miclo

vol. 8, 2025, p. 569–587

We introduce and analyse the almost sure convergence of a new stochastic algorithm for the global minimization of Morse functions on compact Riemannian manifolds. This diffusion process is called fraudulent because it requires the knowledge of minimal value of the function to minimize. Its...

Pierre Dubois

2025, à paraître

We examine pharmaceutical regulations and incentives for innovation from an international perspective, highlighting the public good nature of healthcare innovation and its cross-border diffusion. We summarize the empirical evidence on how push and pull incentives shape R&D investment,...

Kevin Michael Frick, Yagan Hazard, Damien Mayaux et Thomas Zuber

n° 547, décembre 2025, p. 49–67

Does vocational training help correct structural imbalances in the labour market? We propose a new measure of the skills distance between occupations, obtained by fine‑tuning a large language model on a sample of job offers. Using this method, we demonstrate that the “return to employment”...

Abigail E. Colby, Dominik C. Jud, Valerie Baettig, Jordan S. Martin, Camila Scaff, Michael Gurven, Benjamin C. Trumble, Bret A. Beheim, Paul L. Hooper, Daniel Cummings, Hillard Kaplan, Jonathan Stieglitz, Arnulfo Cary Ista et Adrian Jaeggi

vol. 122, n° 51 (e2509977122), décembre 2025

Oxytocin, a hormone linked to reproduction and health, may mediate life-history trade-offs across the human life course. Yet, how oxytocin naturally varies with age remains poorly understood. Here, working with the Tsimane, forager-horticulturalists of lowland Bolivia, we collected the largest...

Victor Gay

vol. 1, décembre 2025

Cet article présente la base de données Jean Nicolas, une ressource exhaustive recensant environ 8 516 rébellions survenues en France entre 1661 et 1789. Fondée sur une enquête menée par Jean Nicolas du début des années 1980 à la fin des années 1990, la base de données consigne pour chaque...

Eliana Barrenho, Eric Gautier, Marisa Miraldo, Carol Propper et Christiern Rose

vol. 71, n° 10, décembre 2025, p. 8097–8993

Using a novel 15-year data set on surgeon adoption of a complex surgical innovation in the English National Health Service and an identification strategy based on surgeon mobility, this paper disentangles three channels of coworker influence on innovation diffusion: (1) peer network size, (2)...

Romain Espinosa et Nicolas Treich

2025, à paraître

We provide a non-anthropocentric rationale for implementing a levy on meat consumption due to animal-welfare considerations. It operates as a Pigouvian tax and addresses externalities on farmed animals. Under total utilitarianism, the levy is a subsidy when an animal’s life is worth living, and a...

Georges Casamatta et Helmuth Cremer

vol. 257, n° 112714, décembre 2025

We analyze the optimal combination of direct and indirect taxes in the presence of tax avoidance. Proportional commodity taxes remain part of the optimal tax structure when avoidance is possible, even when the Atkinson–Stiglitz conditions hold. Taxing consumption, despite avoidance, enhances the...