Shrouded Transaction Costs

Abstract

The proliferation of new payment methods on the Internet rekindles the old and unsettled debate about merchants' incentive and ability to differentiate price according to payment choice. This paper develops an imperfect-information framework for the analysis of platform and social regulation of card surcharging and cash discounting. The paper makes two main contributions. First, it identifies the conditions under which concerns about missed sales induce merchants to perceive that they must take the card. Second, it shows how the optimal regulation of surcharging is related to public policy toward merchant fees, and substantially differs from current practice.